Urban Sights: Urban History and Visual Culture

Spatial Fluidities

Bechtle's depictions of the Bay Area are highly attentive to the particularities of specific places, but also offer a continuum from city to suburb, reminding the viewer of the fluidity of living and social spaces. The works share subject matter: cars, streets, and residential architecture are the supreme constants in the artist's output. While public thinking has often focused on the postwar disparities between urban and suburban life, Bechtle presents them as overlapping environments, showing viewers the purely residential in the city or architectural density in the suburbs. Though there are distinctions between the San Francisco and East Bay paintings–pavement and hills dominate the former's topography, in a manner very specific to the city's famous geography–the implied interdependence between city and suburb is particularly significant in light of shifting American demographics. In much of the West central cities no longer serve as hubs, making dispersion the norm. In other places gentrification has revivified urban centers, but with tourism and leisure taking the place of former industrial economies. Bechtle's fluid spaces are important indicators of the complex, multiform rearrangements of old 'core' and 'periphery' models. My interpretations of the artist's works thus follow the example of recent re-evaluations of the city-suburb relationship, particularly those by Ruth McManus and Philip Ethington and Alan Mace. As Mace asserts, 'The purpose is to argue that in an increasingly urban world where cities are, at least in some respects, borderless we need to hold on to the role of the suburb not as apart from the city but as part of a wider urban canvas and the changes happening across it.'

Bechtle's artworks allow the viewer to track and contemplate physical and social associations in a range of locales. In his pictures of Oakland, Berkeley, Albany, Alameda, or San Francisco there is often continuity rather than rupture. Works like California Gardens–Oakland Houses (1975), San Francisco Cadillac (1975), and Berkeley Stucco (1977) feel completely of a piece, exploring the absorptive textures of California stucco and the play of light and shadow across its surfaces. Stucco, of course, is a common sight in warm climates–its naturally insulating properties help keep interiors cool–and thus the images do not belie location completely. But they do evidence consistencies of living spaces among cities often considered quite disparate. San Francisco appears entirely residential, while neither of the other works engages the kind of radicalism strongly associated with these locales during the 1960s and 1970s. Here there are no evident traces of Berkeley's Free Speech Movement or Oakland's Black Panther Party, but rather the environs of what has been pejoratively described as the 'silent middle.'

Bechtle's San Francisco images almost always depict areas of the city that are residential rather than commercial or landmark-centered. Cars, the artists first and most famous subject, still appear in most every artwork, though the compositions are often expanded laterally, making the vehicles an element of the larger landscape rather than portrait-like focal points. Foregoing downtowns or other hubs of urban commerce and tourist destinations, the artist tends to spaces strikingly akin to those he painted in the East Bay: quiet neighborhoods filled with row houses and mostly empty streets. San Francisco's hilly terrain shifts the depicted topography, but the way Bechtle addresses these vertiginous inclines is consistent with his overarching disinclination toward the overtly dramatic in favor of the subtle spatiality of the everyday. As French sociologist Henri Lefebvre argues, this everyday–i.e. that which lies outside specialized activities and encapsulates both the 'little, chance events' and the 'infinitely complex social event'–is a product of modern urbanization, the era in which society's existence becomes ordered and repetitive, and thus generates quantifiable routines and a visible everyday. However, for both Lefebvre and Bechtle, the urban everyday is not limited to traditional city cores; just as America witnessed a postwar explosion of ex-urban development, France likewise wrestled with appropriate architectural models for new industries and a rapidly growing population in peripheral locations–spatial expansions Lefebvre was highly attentive to. Likewise, in Bechtle's paintings the quality of continuity is paramount, signifying not only the existence of mass-produced housing within an urban center, but the ways in which twentieth-century development increasingly blurred the lines of demographic categories and dislodged old visual landscape paradigms.  

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