James Lee Dickey: An Analysis of One African-American's Leadership in Jim Crow Texas

14th Amendment

A series of Reconstruction Acts passed through Congress between 1867 and 1868. Basically, they created 5 military districts to oversee the former Confederate states (except Tennessee which had already been readmitted), demanded each state write a new constitution ratifying the 14th amendment (which granted freedman citizenship and due process protections) and guaranteeing universal male suffrage. Federal military commanders supervised elections in former Confederate states.
 

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